This talk is a hands on introduction to three geophysical methods, time-domain and frequency-domain electromagnetic (TDEM and FDEM) methods, along with the horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method that are increasingly useful for groundwater investigations. We focus on how these methods work, what they measure, how they’re deployed in the field, and the subsurface information they provide. Case studies highlight how electromagnetic methods can map subsurface conductivity and characterize aquifers, and how the HVSR passive seismic technique helps estimate sediment thickness overlying bedrock, an important input for groundwater modeling.
